Extended Gravity Constraints at Different Scales

Treelines—Approaches at Different Scales

Scales in treeline research depend on the objectives and must match the underlying natural processes. Factors and processes at one scale may not be as important at another scale. In the global view, the number of factors influencing climatic treeline position can be reduced to the effects of heat deficiency. Emphasis, however, should be laid on differentiation of the treeline by their regionall...

Design Patterns at Different Scales

Climate and Human Pressure Constraints Co-Explain Regional Plant Invasion at Different Spatial Scales

Alien species invasion represents a global threat to biodiversity and ecosystems. Explaining invasion patterns in terms of environmental constraints will help us to assess invasion risks and plan control strategies. We aim to identify plant invasion patterns in the Basque Country (Spain), and to determine the effects of climate and human pressure on that pattern. We modeled the regional distrib...

Do evolutionary constraints on thermal performance manifest at different organizational scales?

The two foremost hypotheses on the evolutionary constraints on an organism's thermal sensitivity—the hotter-is-better expectation, and the specialist-generalist trade-off—have received mixed support from empirical studies testing for their existence. Could these conflicting results reflect confusion regarding the organizational level (i.e. species > population > individual) at which these const...

Chemical Organizations at Different Spatial Scales

The dynamics of spatial reaction systems that consists of many molecular species can be difficult to understand. Here we introduce a method that allows to observe the dynamics of a diverse spatial reaction system at different spatial scales. Using chemical organization theory we define for a given spatial location its so called spatial organization, which is the organization generated by the mo...